Define and contrast the three ethical perspectives. How do the perspectives differ from the ethical theories? What does each ethical perspective tell us about morality and virtue?

Define and contrast the three ethical perspectives. How do the perspectives differ from the ethical theories? What does each ethical perspective tell us about morality and virtue?

The first ethical perspective is relativism. Relativism (or moral relativism-they’re often used interchangeably) is the idea that moral principles are based on your culture (such as where and when you live, your education, your age, and your level of wealth) and therefore subject to individual choice.

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Taken to an extreme, a moral relativist believes there are no rules governing right and wrong. The second ethical perspective is emotivism. Emotivism is the idea that all ethical statements are expressions of emotion and, thus, are meaningless.

For example, statements such as “Abortion is wrong” or “Euthanasia is okay” are emotional opinions that relate solely to how a person feels about a certain issue. With Emotivism, ethical statements are also perceived as emotional attempts to get others to agree with one’s views.

As a result, Emotivism is often referred to as the “Boo/Hooray” theory. It’s as if when you disagree with an ethical position you say “Boo”; if you agree with a position you cheer; “Hooray” ( Vlach, 2012.)

The third and final perspective is ethical egoism. Egoism is a position where the prime consideration is the effect of one’s actions on oneself.

It is argued that, since one is inevitably bound up with one’s own interests, happiness, desires, hopes, etc., then how one ought to behave will also inevitably be centered on the effects that make a difference to us directly.

The ethical egoist’s approach argues that the good action is the one which is best for me as an individual. Thus, if I am hungry but have no food and take your chips to eat, this is good for me and therefore good t……………………………………..